TCBMs
From a verification point of view the preferred approach is to maximize transparency for verification purposes and provide for protection of information, systems and facilities as necessary within that context. (Handbook, p. 6)
Measure undertaken to avoid or overcome uncertainties or misconceptions about a state’s military activities that might lead to political or military tensions with other states. CBMs seek to increase transparency and predictability and reduce the opportunity for surprise attack. May be undertaken unilaterally or by agreement. The term originated with the CSCE. (Handbook, p. 118)
The unilateral provision and co-operative exchange of data, even when not required by specific agreements, can also be helpful. The extension of this practice can promote confidence and security, and lay the ground work for subsequent arms limitation and disarmament agreements. Examples of such voluntary measures are the submission of data regarding national military expenditures by States Members of the United Nations to the Secretary-General and international experiments for the exchange of seismic data in the framework of the Conference on Disarmament. (A/45/372, para. 49, p. 29)